GROUND WATER HYDROLOGY (PE – IV) B.Tech. IV Year I Sem. JNTUH R-18

• Explain the key elements of the groundwater hydrologic cycle and differentiate between zones of aeration and saturation.

• Analyze the influence of various rock properties (porosity, permeability) on groundwater occurrence and movement.

• Discuss the classification of aquifers and explain the concepts of specific yield and specific retention.

• Derive the differential equation governing groundwater flow in three dimensions and understand its significance.

• Interpret groundwater flow contours and their applications in analyzing aquifer behavior.

Unit II: Analysis of Pumping Test Data - Steady Flow

• Apply Dupit's and Theis' equations to analyze steady-state groundwater flow towards a well in both confined and unconfined aquifers.

• Explain the assumptions behind these equations and calculate formation constants to assess aquifer characteristics.

• Determine the yield of an open well interface and design pumping tests for efficient well performance.

Unit III: Analysis of Pumping Test Data - Unsteady Flow

• Analyze unsteady flow to a well using the non-equilibrium equations and understand the concept of drawdown.

• Apply Jacob and Chow's simplifications to interpret pumping test data for unconfined aquifers.

• Discuss the behavior of leaky aquifers and their response to pumping tests.

Unit IV: Surface and Subsurface Investigation Techniques

• Explain the principles and applications of surface exploration methods like electrical resistivity and seismic refraction methods for groundwater exploration.

• Analyze the role of geophysical logging and resistivity logging in subsurface investigations.

• Discuss the concept of artificial groundwater recharge and explore various recharge methods with case studies.

• Understand the potential of GIS and remote sensing tools in artificial recharge planning and assessment.

Unit V: Saline Water Intrusion and Basin Management

• Describe the factors contributing to saline water intrusion in coastal aquifers and explain the Ghyben-Herzberg relation for predicting interface depth.

• Analyze the shape of the saltwater interface and discuss methods for controlling intrusion.

• Explore case studies of successful groundwater basin management and consider the importance of sustainable water resource management.