GENERAL ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY (SC-104 ) Diploma in Computer Engineering

Atomic Structure:

• Define atomic number, mass number, isotopes, and isobars.

• Explain Bohr's atomic theory and the concept of orbitals.

• Describe the shapes of s, p, and d orbitals.

• Apply the Aufbau principle, Hund's rule, and Pauli's exclusion principle to determine the electronic configuration of elements.

Chemical Bonding:

• Define and differentiate between ionic, covalent, coordinate covalent, metallic, and hydrogen bonds.

• Provide examples of different types of chemical bonds.

• Explain the properties of ionic and covalent compounds.

• Describe different types of hydrogen bonds and their effects on physical properties.

Oxidation-Reduction:

• Define oxidation, reduction, and oxidation number based on the electronic concept.

• Calculate oxidation numbers for various elements.

• Solve numerical problems related to oxidation-reduction reactions.

Module 2: Solutions and Colloids

Solutions:

• Define solution, solubility, and classify solutions based on the physical state.

• Calculate atomic weight, molecular weight, and equivalent weight.

• Explain the mole concept and its applications in solutions.

• Solve numerical problems on mole, molarity, and normality.

• Define colloids and differentiate between lyophilic and lyophobic colloids.

• Explain the concept of protective colloids and gold number.

• Describe the properties of colloids and their industrial applications.

Module 3: Acids and Bases

• Explain the Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry, and Lewis acid-base theories.

• Differentiate between strong and weak acids and bases.

• Calculate pH values and solve related numerical problems.

• Explain buffer solutions, buffer action, and their applications.

• Describe Ostwald's theory of indicators.

Module 4: Environmental Science

• Explain the concept of an ecosystem and define producers, consumers, and decomposers.

• Describe the food chain, food web, and their importance.

• Explain the carbon and nitrogen cycles.

• Define biodiversity and discuss threats to biodiversity.

• Explain the importance of forest resources and the negative impacts of deforestation.

• Discuss the principles of green chemistry and the concept of e-waste.

• Describe the management of e-waste for environmental protection.

Module 5: Water Technology

• Define soft and hard water and identify the causes of water hardness.

• Describe different types of hardness and their disadvantages in industrial applications.

• Calculate the degree of hardness.

• Explain the Permutit process and the ion exchange process for water softening.

• Describe the importance of drinking water and the municipal treatment process.

• Explain the principles of osmosis, reverse osmosis, and their advantages.

• Discuss desalination by electro dialysis and defluoridation techniques.

• Describe the Nalgonda Technique for water treatment.

Module 6: Electrochemistry

• Define conductors, insulators, and electrolytes.

• Explain the Arrhenius theory of electrolytic dissociation.

• Describe the process of electrolysis and its applications.

• State and solve numerical problems related to Faraday's laws of electrolysis.